POTENTIAL BENEFITS & RESEARCH ON tDCS Research has evidenced a range of potential benefits for Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS). For instance, tDCS has been used: As a complementary tool in the treatment of anorexia (Hecht, 2010) To improve language performance in patients with aphasia (Flori et al., 2013; Monti et al., 2012; Wang, Wu Chen, Yuan & Zhang, 2013) To improve cognitive functioning in healthy subjects (Dockery, HueckelWeng, Birbaumer, & Plewnia, 2009; Smith, & Clithero, 2009) As a treatment for major depression with minimal side effects (Alonzo, Chan, Martin, Mitchell, & Loo, 2013; Boggio et al., 2008; Ferrucci et al., 2009; Loo et al., 2010) To reduce epilepsy (Faria, Fregni, Sebastiao, Dias, & Leal, 2012; Harden et al., 2000; Kamida et al., 2011) To reduce impulsivity (Fecteau, Knoch et al., 2007; Fecteau, Pascual-Leone et al., 2007) To reduce the perception of pain (Boggio, Zaghi, Lopes, & Fregni, 2008; DosSantos et al., 2012; Rosen, Ramkumar, Nguyen, & Hoeft, 2009; Zandieh et al., 2012) To improve the working memory (Boggio et al., 2006) and movement (Benninger et al., 2010) of patients with Parkinson’s disease As a treatment for schizophrenia (Andrade, 2013; Brunelin et al., 2012; Homan et al., 2011; Rakesh et al., 2013; Shiozawa, da Silva, Cordeiro, Fregni, & Brunoni, 2013a, 2013b; Vercammen et al., 2011) To aid in rehabilitation after stroke (Fusco et al., 2013; Lefebvre et al., 2013; Schlaug, Renga, & Nair, 2008; Shigematsu, Fujishima, & Ohno, 2013)
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References Alonzo, A., Chan, G., Martin, D., Mitchell, P. B., & Loo, C. (2013). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for depression: Analysis of response using a three-factor structure of the Montgomery-Åsberg depression rating scale. Journal of Affective Disorders, 150(1), 91-95. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.02.027 Andrade, C. (2013). Once- to twice-daily, 3-year domiciliary maintenance transcranial direct current stimulation for severe, disabling, clozapine-refractory continuous auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia. The Journal of Electroconvulsive Therapy, 29(3), 239242. doi: 10.1097/YCT.0b013e3182843866 Benninger, D. H., Lomarev, M., Lopez, G., Wassermann, E. M., Li, X., Considine, E., & Hallett, M. (2010). Transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 81, 1105-1111. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2009.202556 Boggio, P. S., Ferrucci, R., Rigonatti, S. P., Covre, P., Nitsche, M. A., Pascual-Leone, A., & Fregni, F. (2006). Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on working memory in patients with Parkinson's disease. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 249, 31–38. Boggio, P. S., Rigonatti, S. P., Ribeiro, R. B., Myczkowski, M. L., Nitsche, M. A., PascualLeone, A., & Fregni, F. (2008). A randomized, double-blind clinical trial on the efficacy of cortical direct current stimulation for the treatment of major depression. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 11(2), 249-254. doi: 10.1017/S1461145707007833 Boggio, P.S., Zaghi, S., Lopes, M., & Fregni, F. (2008). Modulatory effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation on perception and pain thresholds in healthy volunteers. European Journal of Neurology, 15, 1124–1130. doi: 10.1111/j.14681331.2008.02270.x Brunelin, J., Mondino, M., Gassab, L., Haesebaert, F., Gaha, L., Suaud-Chagny, M. F., Saoud, M., Mechri, A., & Poulet, E. (2012). Examining transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) as a treatment for hallucinations in schizophrenia. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 169(7), 719-724. Brunoni, A. R., Valiengo, L., Baccaro, A., Zanão, T. A., de Oliveira, J. F., Goulart, A., Boggio, P. S., Lotufo, P. A., Benseñor, I. M., MD, & Fregni, F. (2013). The sertraline vs electrical current therapy for treating depression clinical study: Results from a factorial, randomized, controlled trial. JAMA Psychiatry, 70(4), 383-391. doi:10.1001/2013.jamapsychiatry.32 Dockery, C. A., Hueckel-Weng, R., Birbaumer, N., & Plewnia, C. (2009). Enhancement of planning ability by transcranial direct current stimulation. The Journal of Neuroscience, 29, 7271-7277.
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DosSantos, M. F., Love, T. M., Martikainen, I. K., Nascimento, T. D., Fregni, F., Cummiford, C., Deboer, M. D., Zubieta, J. K., & Dasilva, A. F. (2012). Immediate effects of tDCS on the μ-opioid system of a chronic pain patient. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 3. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2012.00093 Faria, P., Fregni, F., Sebastiao, F., Dias, A. I., & Leal, A. (2012). Feasibility of focal transcranial DC polarization with simultaneous EEG recording: Preliminary assessment in healthy subjects and human epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior, 25(3), 417-425. Fecteau, S., Knoch, D., Fregni, F., Sultani, N., Boggio, P., & Pascual-Leone, A. (2007). Diminishing risk-taking behavior by modulating activity in the prefrontal cortex: A direct current stimulation study. The Journal of Neuroscience, 27(46), 12500-12505. Fecteau, S., Pascual-Leone, A., Zald, D. H., Liguori, P., Theoret, H., Boggio, P. S., & Fregni, F. (2007). Activation of prefrontal cortex by transcranial direct current stimulation reduces appetite for risk during ambiguous decision-making. The Journal of Neuroscience, 27(23), 6212-6218. Ferrucci, R., Bortolomasi, M., Vergari, M., Tadini, L., Salvoro, B., Giacopuzzi, M., Barbieri, S., & Priori, A. (2009). Transcranial direct current stimulation in severe, drug-resistant major depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 118, 215-219. Flori, V., Cipollari, S., Di Paola, M., Razzano, C., Caltagirone, C., & Marangolo, P. (2013). tDCS stimulation segregates words in the brain: Evidence from aphasia. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 7, 1-11. Fusco, A., De Angelis, D., Morone, G., Maglione, L., Paolucci, T., Bragoni, M., & Venturiero, V. (2013). The ABC of tDCS: Effects of anodal, bilateral and cathodal montages of transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with stroke – A pilot study. Stroke Research and Treatment, 2013(837595). doi: 10.1155/2013/837595 Harden, C. L., Pulver, M. C., Ravdin, L. D., Nikolov, B., Halper, J. P., & Labar, D. R. (2000). A pilot study of mood in epilepsy patients treated with vagus nerve stimulation. Epilepsy & Behavior, 1(2), 93-99. Hecht, D. (2010). Transcranial direct current stimulation in the treatment of anorexia. Medical Hypotheses, 74, 1044-1047. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2009.12.032 Homan, P., Kindler, J., Federspiel, A., Flury, R., Hubl, D., Hauf, M., & Dierks, T. (2011). Muting the voice: a case of arterial spin labeling-monitored transcranial direct current stimulation treatment of auditory verbal hallucinations. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 168, 853-854. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.11030496 Kamida, T., Kong, S., Eshima, N., Abe, T., Fujiki, M., & Kobayashi, H. (2011). Transcranial direct current stimulation decreases convulsions and spatial memory deficits following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in immature rats. Behavioural Brain Research, 217(1), 99-103. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.08.050
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Lefebvre, S., Thonnard, J. L., Laloux, P., Peeters, A., Jamart, J., & Vandermeeren, Y. (2013). Single session of dual-tDCS transiently improves precision grip and dexterity of the paretic hand after stroke. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 28(2), 100-110. doi: 10.1177/1545968313478485 Loo, C. K., Sachdev, P., Martin, D., Pigot, M., Alonzo, A., Malhi, G. S., Lagopoulos, J., & Mitchell, P. (2010). A double-blind, sham-controlled trial of transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of depression. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 13, 61-69. Monti, A., Ferrucci, R., Fumagalli, M., Mameli, F., Cogiamanian, F., Ardolino, G., & Priori, A. (2012). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and language. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 84(8), 1-11. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2012-302825 Rakesh, G., Shivakumar, V., Subramaniam, A., Nawani, H., Amaresha, A. C., Narayanaswamy, J. C., & Venkatasubramanian, G. (2013). Monotherapy with tDCS for schizophrenia: A case report. Brain Stimulation, 6(4), 708-709. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2013.01.007 Rosen, A.C., Ramkumar, M., Nguyen, T., & Hoeft, F. (2009). Noninvasive transcranial brain stimulation and pain. Current Pain and Headache Reports, 13(1), 12–17. Schlaug, G., Renga, V., & Nair, D. (2008). Direct Current Stimulation in Stroke Recovery. Archives of Neurology, 65(12), 1571-1576. Shigematsu, T., Fujishima, I., & Ohno, K. (2013). Transcranial direct current stimulation improves swallowing function in stroke patients. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 27(4), 363-369. doi: 10.1177/1545968312474116 Shiozawa, P., da Silva, M. E., Cordeiro, Q., Fregni, F., & Brunoni, A. R. (2013a). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for catatonic schizophrenia: a case study. Schizophrenia Research, 146(1-3), 374-375. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2013.01.030 Shiozawa, P., da Silva, M. E., Cordeiro, Q., Fregni, F., & Brunoni, A. R. (2013b). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for the treatment of persistent visual and auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia: A case study. Brain Stimulation, 6(5), 831-833. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2013.03.003 Smith, D. V., & Clithero, J. A. (2009). Manipulating executive function with transcranial direct current stimulation. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 3, 1-3. doi: 10.3389/neuro.07.026.2009 Vercammen, A., Rushby, J. A., Loo, C., Short, B., Weickert, C., S., & Weickert, T., W. (2011). Transcranial direct current stimulation influences probabilistic association learning in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 131(1-3), 198-205. Wang, J., Wu, D., Chen, Y., Yuan, Y., & Zhang, M. (2013). Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on language improvement and cortical activation in nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia. Neuroscience Letters, 549, 29-33.
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Zandieh, A., Parhizgar, S. E., Fakhri, M., Taghvaei, M., Miri, S., Shahbabaie, A., Esteghamati, S., & Ekhtiari, H. (2012). Modulation of cold pain perception by transcranial direct current stimulation in healthy individuals. Neuromodulation, 16(4), 345-348. doi: 10.1111/ner.12009
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